Activity 2

 

                                                                            Oxygen

 

 

Lithium

 

 

                                      

                                                                         Helium

      

 

1.      What is the atomic number for each of your models?

 

Oxygen:8

Lithium:3

Helium:2

 

 

2.      What is the atomic mass number for each of your models?

Oxygen:15.9994

Lithium:6.941

Helium:4.002602

 

3.      In your models, which two subatomic particles are equal in number?

            Protons and Electrons

 

 

 

4.      How would you make an isotope for one of your models? What

would change with the model?

 

I would make an isotope by adding neutrons to my oxygen model which is 16 and then it would be 18.

 

5. Considering the overall volume of your element models, what

makes up most of the volume of an atom?

The empty space makes up the most volume.

 

 

6. For one of your models, show with another image what happens

when energy excites an electron.

 

 

7. Once the electron is excited, what do we typically observe when

the electron returns to the ground-state?

  Energy must be emitted for an electron to return to the ground state. 

8. Why are some elements different colors when they are excited?

Hint: when electrons are excited (by something like heat from an

explosive) they move up to another orbital and when they fall back

they release the energy in the form of light.

 It depends on the amount on energy that is released for the color

 

9. With the Fourth of July coming up quickly, explain how the

colors of fireworks arise.

 Their colors come from the different temperatures of hot, glowing metals and from the light emitted by burning chemical compounds

 

10. Explain the overall organizational structure of the periodic

table.

The periodic table is an arrangement of the chemical elements, organized on the basis of their atomic numbers, electron configurations, and recurring chemical properties.  The groups have Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth, Halogens ,Transition Metals, Noble Gases, Semiconductors.    

 

11. List two example elements for each of these groups or classes:

Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth, Halogens, Noble Gases, Transition

Metals, Non-Metals, and Metalloids.

Alkali Metals: Lithium and Potassium

Alkaline Earth: Magnesium and Barium

Halogens: Fluorine and Chlorine

Noble Gases: Helium and Neon

Transition Metals: Zinc and Copper

Non-Metals: Hydrogen and Carbon

Metalloids: Boron and Arsenic